Cellulose composition



Patented Mar. 15, 1927. I I i i UN TED. ES TENT OFFI wmmm G. smsn, or NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE CELLULOID com- PANY, A coRroRA'rIoN-oE NEW. JERSEY.

oE LuLosE coMPosITIoiv.

Application filed June 2, 1924. Serial No. 717,219.-

No Drawing.

This invention relates to cellulose compositifons and to a process of making the same. Such compositions may be varnishes, lacque'rs, aeroplane coatings, transparent sheets and films suchas are used for photographlc supports for cinematographic use and other purposes, or may be plastlc masses. These compositions have as a base a soluble cellulose derivative, J such as cellulose acetate,

nitrate,-or other cellulose-ester, or a cellulose ether such as ethyl cellulose or methyl cellulose. This class of derivative is well known to be quite distinct from the cellulose viscose.

, I have discovered that the compound BB di-chlor ethyl ether, a liquid at ordinary temperaturesfand' having a'boiling point of 177 to 178 C. at ordinary pressure is a solvent of wide application in themanufacture and production of compounds and plastics as above enumerated. The solvent power ofthis compound in many combina tions can be stimulated by the addition of aliphatic alcohols, such as ethyl alcohol,

methyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, amyl alcohol and the like. The peculiar solvent action of this compound is of unusual value in the roduction of solutions and .plasticmasses' rom cellulose derivatives. It can also be used as a solvent for combining cellulose derivatives, such as cellulose acetate and cellulose nitrate, or cellulose acetate and'cellulose ether, etc., in the samemas's.

As an example of the use of his solvent is disclosed in my U. S. Patents Nos. 1,027

614, 1,027,616, 1,027,618, 1,041,113, and to this solution of acetyl cellulose, I add from The solution thus produced will be useful asa varnish or coating for aeroplane wings, or

for the production of a composition'having- 10 to 50 parts of BB di-chlorethyl ether and it can be used for making transparent sheets c for photo film supports by spreading on a suitable surface, evaporating and stripping the resultant dried composition from the support according to the method well known to those" skilled in the art'of making motion,- picturefilm supports. C Q. The'product thus produced will possess great toughness, flexibility, durability and will maintain these properties for a great length of time.

The BB di-chlorethyl ether can be used without the addition of the higher aliphatic alcohols and with or without alcohols of the aromatic series or equivalent high boiling compounds, such as ethyl benzoate, benzyl acetate and the like. Or the higher boiling aliphatic esters may be used, such as amyl acetate, the proportions varying from 5 to 20 parts or more to 100 parts of the soluble cellulose derivative. BB di-chlorethyl ether can also be used in combination with well known plasticizers, tri-phenylphosphate, tri-cresyl'phosphate, camphor, manol (ethyl acetanilid), toluolparaethylsulphonamid and the like, without, of course, departing from this invention, as it will be found in every case that the BB di-chlorethyl ether imparts very valuable properties to the finished product, such as increased toughness, durability, flexibility, etc. As an example of a plastic composition, I lncorporate with 100 parts acetyl cellulose, 20 to 50 parts or more of BB di-chlorethyl ether and from 10 to 50 parts of an aliphatic alcohol having more than two carbon atoms and asufficient quantity of a chlorinated hydrocarbon alcohol solvent as disclosed in my patents above referred to; or I may use ethyl acetate, aceton'e, or an equivalent solvent, the

proportions of which may vary from 50 to %eneral, very satisfactory results are obtained y plasticizing the acet l cellulose with a mixture of BB di-chlorethyl ether and ethyl or'methyl alcohol. The plasticity and toughness of sheets of plastic or similar compositions will be increased by the use of- BB dichlorethyl ether where cellulose ethers are used instead of cellulose acetate.

As an example of a nitrocellulose composition, I incorporate with 100 parts of nitrocellulose from 10 to 50 or more partsof BB di-chlorethgl ether and to this mixture, I may add rom to 50 parts or more of h l or methyl alcohol with or without the ad ition of further stimulating volatile solvents. The BB di-chlorethyl ether can be 'used in the production of nitrocellulose varnish solutions for making photographic films j and in fact, a wide variety of nitrocellulose lose derivatives.

compositions in which camphor is ordinarily the addition ,of the well known plasticizing compounds triphenylphosphate, tricresylphosphate, camphor, di-ethyl phthallate, utyl tartrate, manol, 'toluolparaethylsulhonamid and the like. It may also be used or the purpose of incorporating gums, resins and the like, such for example as ester gum, gum dammar, with solutions of cellu- It may also be used 'as a varnish solvent.

It may also be used in non-inflammable cellulose com ositions such as those disclosed in my atents llos. 1,493,207, 1,493,- 208, 1,493,209 and 1,493,210. I

I claim: '7

1. A composition containing BB di-chlorethyl ether and'a cellulose derivative of the ether-ester class with which said ether has a solvent'action.

2. A composition containing a soluble cellulose ester and BB di-chlorethyl ether.

3. A composition containing BB di-chlorethyl ether, alcohol and a cellulose derivative of the ether-ester class with which said ether has a solvent action.

4. A composition containing BB di-chlorethyl ether and a mixture of cellulose derivatives of the ether-ester class with which said ether has a solvent action.

5. A composition containing a soluble cellulose derivative of the ether-ester class, BB, di-chlorethyl ether and an aliphatic alcohol ether.

solvent of the mixture of the derivative and 6. A composition containing a soluhle cellulose ester, BB di-chlorethyl ether. a high boiling aliphatic alcohol, a high. boiling pyroxylin solvent and a volatile solvent of the mixture of the before mentioned ingredients. p WILLIAM G. LINDSAY. 

